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[Factors associated with necrotizing enterocolitis].
Maria Teresa Campos Vieira1, José Maria de Andrade Lopes
1Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. mteresavieira@uol.com.br
Jornal De Pediatria
|September 23, 2003
Summary
Apnea, rapid feeding increases, and infectious agents are key factors associated with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Early identification of these elements in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is crucial for managing this serious condition.
Area of Science:
- Neonatology
- Pediatric Surgery
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal emergency in newborns.
- Early identification of risk factors is critical for timely intervention and improved outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the clinical presentation of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.
- To identify factors associated with the development of NEC in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) setting.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 56 NEC cases diagnosed between 1986 and 1992.
- Comparison of 44 NEC cases (Bell's criteria II and III) with 44 matched controls.
- Statistical analysis using p < 0.05 significance level.
Main Results:
- 56 cases (2.3%) of NEC identified among 2,447 NICU admissions.
- Associated factors included apnea (p=0.045), rapid feeding increase (p=0.048), and infectious agents (p=0.000).
- Mortality rate was 17.8%; 32.1% required urgent surgery.
Conclusions:
- Apnea, rapid feeding advancement, and infectious agents are significantly associated with NEC.
- These findings highlight crucial targets for prevention and management strategies in neonates.