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Related Experiment Videos

Initial experimental results from the Laboratory Biosphere closed ecological system facility.

M Nelson1, W F Dempster, A Alling

  • 1Biosphere Foundation, Santa Fe, NM 87508, USA. nelson@biospheres.com

Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
|September 25, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Soybean growth in a closed system showed reduced trace gas emissions over time. Photosynthesis rates were high, requiring carbon dioxide (CO2) injections for continued plant development.

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Area of Science:

  • Controlled environment agriculture
  • Plant physiology
  • Environmental science

Background:

  • Biosphere experiments simulate closed ecological systems.
  • Understanding trace gas dynamics is crucial for life support systems.
  • Soybean cultivation in controlled environments requires monitoring of atmospheric conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess soybean growth and trace gas dynamics in a closed soil-based system.
  • To quantify soil respiration and phytorespiration rates.
  • To investigate the relationship between atmospheric CO2 concentration and photosynthesis.

Main Methods:

  • A soil-based soybean crop (cultivar Hoyt) was grown in a Laboratory Biosphere facility.
  • Light levels were maintained at 58 mol m-2 d-1 for 12 hours daily.

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  • Trace gas concentrations (methane, nitrous oxide, CO2, O2, ethylene) and respiration/photosynthesis rates were monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Aboveground soybean biomass reached 2510 grams.
    • Methane and nitrous oxide concentrations decreased significantly over the experiment.
    • Photosynthesis CO2 drawdown reached up to 3950 ppm d-1, necessitating CO2 injections.
    • A positive correlation was found between atmospheric CO2 and fixation rates up to 8800 ppm.

    Conclusions:

    • Closed soil-based systems can reduce certain trace gas emissions.
    • Soybean photosynthesis is strongly influenced by atmospheric CO2 levels.
    • Optimizing CO2 concentrations is vital for maximizing plant productivity in closed environments.