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Effect of undernutrition on morphine analgesia, haloperidol catalepsy and pentobarbitone sodium hypnosis in
1Pharmacology, Clinical Research Unit (H), Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005.
Insights
Maternal deprivation in newborn rats temporarily alters responses to CNS drugs and brain serotonin levels. Nutritional rehabilitation can reverse these effects, highlighting the critical window for brain development.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Early life undernutrition can impact neurodevelopment and drug responses.
- Maternal deprivation is a model for studying early life stress effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of maternal deprivation and subsequent nutritional rehabilitation on the responses to CNS-acting drugs in newborn rats.
- To correlate these drug responses with changes in brain serotonin levels.
Main Methods:
- Newborn rat pups were subjected to daily maternal deprivation from postnatal day 5 to 18.
- Responses to morphine, pentobarbitone, and haloperidol were assessed at different ages.
- Brain serotonin levels were measured in deprived and rehabilitated rats.
Main Results:
- Drug responses were highest at postnatal day 9 and decreased with age.
- Maternally deprived rats showed altered drug responses, initially lower then higher during deprivation.
- Changes in drug response correlated with alterations in brain serotonin levels.
Conclusions:
- Undernutrition during a critical developmental period causes temporary changes in CNS drug sensitivity and brain serotonin.
- Nutritional rehabilitation can reverse these effects if implemented within the appropriate developmental window.
Abstract:
In the present study, half of the pups of a litter were undernourished by 12 h daily maternal deprivation from day 5 to day 18 postnatal and were subsequently nutritionally rehabilitated. Responses of CNS-acting drugs (morphine analgesia, pentobarbitone sodium hypnosis, haloperidol catalepsy) were studied at the age of day 9, 12 and 18 in maternally deprived and of day 25 in nutritionally rehabilitated new born rats as compared to that of their nourished littermates. The results showed that the response of these CNS-acting drugs was maximum at the age of day 9 postnatal and progressively decreased thereafter as the age of the animal advanced. The responses of these drugs in maternally deprived animals varied on different days of undernourishment as compared to that of their nourished littermates. The responses were significantly less in first half and were significantly more in second half period of undernourishment. The changes observed in the responses of these CNS-acting drugs were directly related to the changes observed in brain serotonin level in maternally deprived and nutritionally rehabilitated new born rats. The present findings suggest that the nature and degree of undernutrition imposed in suckling rats might only produce temporary effects on the response of CNS-actin drugs and on brain serotonin levels which is reversible if undernourished new born rats were nutritionally rehabilitated on an appropriate time of brain development.
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