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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
Published on: September 27, 2020
The classification of problem behaviour in Diagnostic Criteria for Psychiatric Disorders for Use with Adults with
1University of Northumbria, Northgate Hospital, Morpeth, UK. greg.obrien@nap.nhs.uk
Background:
Problem behaviour is common among adults with learning disabilities, often to an extent that it impacts upon the functioning and social inclusion of the individual, and of the individual's family and immediate social network.
Methods/Results:
However, most approaches to the classification and diagnosis of psychiatric disorder among people with learning disability do not deal with problem behaviour as a diagnosis. The recent innovation of the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychiatric Disorders for Use with Adults with Learning Disabilities/Mental Retardation (DC-LD) includes diagnostic criteria for problem behaviour. The background and the thinking behind these criteria are reviewed.
Conclusions:
It is proposed that the adoption of such criteria offers the possibility of improved services for the individuals concerned, with resultant improvements in their adaptation and social inclusion.
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