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Related Experiment Videos

Vasodilator agents protect against indinavir nephrotoxicity.

Mogali de Araujo1, Antonio Carlos Seguro

  • 1Laboratório de Pesquisa Básica LIM/12, Disciplina de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina USP, São Paulo, Brazil.

Antiviral Therapy
|October 2, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Indinavir (IDV) can cause kidney damage by reducing blood flow. L-arginine, nifedipine, and magnesium protect against this IDV-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Indinavir (IDV) is a crucial protease inhibitor for AIDS treatment.
  • IDV use is associated with elevated creatinine and renal vasoconstriction.
  • The precise mechanism of IDV-induced nephrotoxicity requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism behind IDV-induced renal vasoconstriction.
  • To evaluate the protective effects of L-arginine (LA), nifedipine (NF), and magnesium (Mg) against IDV nephrotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Male Wistar rats were administered IDV, with or without LA, NF, or Mg supplementation.
  • Renal function was assessed via clearance studies and urinary nitrite excretion.
  • The role of nitric oxide (NO) was examined using L-NAME.

Main Results:

  • IDV treatment led to decreased urinary nitrite excretion and impaired glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow (RBF).
  • LA and NF significantly improved GFR and RBF, suggesting mediation by NO and calcium channels.
  • Mg supplementation also ameliorated GFR and RBF, independent of NO pathways.

Conclusions:

  • IDV-induced nephrotoxicity in rats involves renal vasoconstriction potentially mediated by NO and calcium channels.
  • L-arginine, nifedipine, and magnesium demonstrate protective effects against IDV-induced kidney damage.
  • These findings suggest potential clinical strategies for mitigating IDV nephrotoxicity.

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