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Problem-based learning: effects on standard outcomes.

Srinivas M Susarla1, Nancy Medina-Martinez, T Howard Howell

  • 1Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115-5750, USA.

Journal of Dental Education
|October 2, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Problem-based learning (PBL) and a shorter dental program length improved National Board Dental Examination (NBDE) Part I scores, graduation rates, and postdoctoral training entry at HSDM. PBL alone boosted NBDE Part I scores.

Area of Science:

  • Dental Education
  • Curriculum Development
  • Medical Pedagogy

Background:

  • Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM) integrated Problem-Based Learning (PBL) into its curriculum in 1994.
  • The curriculum transition also involved a shift from a five-year to a four-year program length.
  • Prior to 1994, HSDM courses were lecture-based, while Harvard Medical School (HMS) introduced PBL in 1987.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of PBL implementation and program length on dental education outcomes.
  • To assess the effect on National Board Dental Examination (NBDE) Part I scores.
  • To analyze changes in attrition rates, graduation rates, and postdoctoral training program entry.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of outcomes data from 1980 to 2002.

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  • Univariate and bivariate linear regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between PBL, program length, and outcomes.
  • Key outcome measures included NBDE Part I scores, attrition, graduation, and postdoctoral placement.
  • Main Results:

    • PBL implementation significantly affected NBDE Part I scores, graduation rates, attrition rates, and postdoctoral program entry.
    • Changes in program length also influenced graduation rates, attrition, and postdoctoral program entry.
    • PBL was specifically linked to increased NBDE Part I scores.

    Conclusions:

    • The combined implementation of PBL and a reduced program length was successful across all measured outcomes at HSDM.
    • PBL alone demonstrated a positive effect on NBDE Part I scores for dental graduates.
    • The findings support the efficacy of PBL in enhancing dental education outcomes.