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Time- and exercise-dependent gene regulation in human skeletal muscle
Alexander C Zambon1, Erin L McDearmon, Nathan Salomonis
1Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94141, USA.
Genome Biology
|October 2, 2003
Summary
Resistance exercise (RE) impacts skeletal muscle gene regulation and may directly influence circadian rhythms. This study investigated gene expression changes in human muscle following exercise and their relationship to the body
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Exercise Physiology
- Chronobiology
Background:
- Skeletal muscle remodeling is vital for adapting to environmental changes.
- Exercise induces muscle structural changes and can alter circadian rhythms.
- Both processes depend on the transcriptional regulation of genes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of resistance exercise on gene regulation in human skeletal muscle.
- To compare exercise-induced gene expression with diurnal gene regulation.
- To identify potential links between exercise and circadian rhythm modulation.
Main Methods:
- DNA microarrays were used to analyze gene expression in human quadriceps muscle biopsy samples.
- Samples were collected 6 and 18 hours after a single bout of resistance exercise.
- Quantitative PCR validated circadian expression of selected genes in mouse skeletal muscle.
Main Results:
- Resistance exercise altered gene regulation in human skeletal muscle at 6 and 18 hours post-exercise.
- Diurnal gene regulation was profiled in the non-exercised leg.
- 44 putative genes showed circadian regulation, with some validated in mouse models.
Conclusions:
- Coordinated regulation of circadian clock genes (Cry1, Per2, Bmal1) occurred 6 hours after resistance exercise.
- Diurnal genes were regulated 18 hours after resistance exercise in the exercised leg.
- Resistance exercise may directly modulate circadian rhythms in human skeletal muscle.