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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Human Maternal-fetal Interface
Published on: May 21, 2015
Isolated low second-trimester maternal serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin is not associated with adverse
Loraine K Endres1, Stephan Krotz, William A Grobman
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA.
Objective:
We investigated whether low human chorionic gonadotropin from maternal serum screening is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome.
Study Design:
Women between 15 and 20 completed weeks of gestation who had a maternal serum screen performed from June 1999 to November 2001 were studied. Cases included women with human chorionic gonadotropin values of
Results:
There were 146 case subjects and 292 control subjects. There was no increased risk in the study group compared with the control subjects for preterm delivery, intrauterine fetal death, low birth weight, abruptio placentae, preeclampsia, or preterm premature rupture of membranes.
Conclusion:
An isolated low human chorionic gonadotropin level from second-trimester maternal serum screening is not associated with adverse pregnancy outcome.
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