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[Constrictive pericarditis due to asbestos exposure].

V Trosini-Désert1, A Chambellan, P Germaud

  • 1Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Guillaume et René Laënnec, CHU de Nantes, France.

Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|October 7, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Constrictive pericarditis, a rare asbestos exposure complication, presents as right heart failure. Early diagnosis is crucial due to a guarded prognosis, as highlighted in two new cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Occupational Medicine
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Constrictive pericarditis is a rare but serious complication linked to asbestos exposure.
  • Few documented cases exist in medical literature, necessitating further reporting.

Observation:

  • Two cases of constrictive pericarditis are presented in individuals with a history of occupational asbestos exposure.
  • Patients presented with sub-acute right heart failure, later diagnosed with pericardial thickening due to collagen fibrosis post-pericardectomy.
  • Eight additional cases of asbestos-associated pericardial effusion/thickening, some with calcification and coexisting pleural lesions, were reviewed.

Findings:

  • Both reported patients, despite pericardectomy, had poor outcomes with mortality occurring one and five years post-surgery.

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  • A guarded prognosis is indicated, with three of the eight previously reported cases resulting in death.

    • Implications:

    • The findings underscore the importance of considering asbestos exposure in patients presenting with constrictive pericarditis.
    • Prompt diagnosis and management are essential given the poor prognosis associated with this condition.
    • Further research into the mechanisms and long-term outcomes of asbestos-induced pericardial disease is warranted.