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Peripheral markers of brain damage and blood-brain barrier dysfunction
Nicola Marchi1, Peter Rasmussen, Miranda Kapural
1Cerebrovascular Research Center, Department of Neurological Surgery Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience
|October 8, 2003
Summary
Serum S100beta indicates blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening, potentially before brain damage occurs. Elevated S100beta levels can predict poor outcomes in neurological conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biochemistry
- Neurology
Background:
- Abnormal blood-brain barrier (BBB) function is linked to brain damage.
- S100beta and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) are systemic markers in neurological diseases.
- S100beta may indicate BBB function rather than neuronal damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate S100beta as a marker for blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption.
- To differentiate S100beta's role as a marker for BBB opening versus neuronal damage.
Main Methods:
- Measured serum S100beta and NSE in patients with iatrogenic BBB disruption via mannitol and chemotherapy.
- Utilized an intracerebral hemorrhage model to assess S100beta changes in CSF and serum with intact BBB.
Main Results:
- Serum S100beta significantly increased after mannitol infusion, while NSE did not.
- In an intracerebral hemorrhage model, CSF S100beta increases did not correlate with serum changes when the BBB was intact.
- Modeling suggests low serum S100beta (<0.34 ng/ml) indicates BBB opening without CNS damage; higher levels suggest glial damage.
Conclusions:
- Serum S100beta serves as an early indicator of BBB opening, potentially preceding neuronal damage.
- Significant S100beta elevations signify prior brain damage, aiding in predicting outcomes or differentiating impairment severity.