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Related Experiment Videos

Implicit knowledge: new perspectives on unconscious processes.

D L Schacter1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Brain-damaged patients and healthy individuals can possess implicit knowledge without conscious awareness. These dissociations between implicit and explicit memory reveal insights into perception, memory, and consciousness.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Evidence suggests individuals can have nonconscious (implicit) knowledge without conscious recall (explicit).
  • Dissociations between implicit and explicit knowledge challenge traditional views of perception, memory, and consciousness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence of implicit/explicit knowledge dissociations.
  • To explore theoretical explanations for these phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Selective review of studies on priming, implicit memory in amnesia, blindsight, and prosopagnosia.
  • Consideration of theoretical frameworks for implicit/explicit dissociations.

Main Results:

  • Implicit/explicit dissociations are observed across various domains, tasks, and patient groups (e.g., amnesic patients, visual cortex damage, prosopagnosia).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Phenomena include priming, perception without awareness, and nonconscious facial recognition.

    • Conclusions:

    • Dissociations may stem from disruption of conscious experience mechanisms or domain-specific processes.
    • Implicit/explicit dissociations are likely a result of normal brain computations, not Freudian unconscious processes.