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Cryopreservation of tissue engineered constructs for bone.

Michelle D Kofron1, Natalie C Opsitnick, Mohamed A Attawia

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
|October 14, 2003
PubMed
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Cryopreservation of bone tissue engineered constructs using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) shows promise for future orthopedic applications. This method preserves extracellular matrix architecture and cell viability, ensuring availability of bone-like materials.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cryobiology

Background:

  • Large-scale clinical use of tissue engineered constructs necessitates mass availability and accessibility.
  • Understanding the effects of low temperatures on tissue engineered biological systems is crucial for developing effective preservation techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of low temperature (-196°C) on tissue engineered constructs for bone regeneration.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of penetrating cryoprotective agents (CPAs) in preserving cell viability and extracellular matrix architecture.

Main Methods:

  • Osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells on 2D-PLAGA and 3D-PLAGA scaffolds were tested with DMSO, ethylene glycol, and glycerol for one-week cryopreservation.
  • Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) demonstrated the highest cell survival and was used to cryopreserve mineralizing primary rabbit osteoblasts on 2D-PLAGA for 35 days.

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Main Results:

  • DMSO yielded the highest percent cell survival for SaOS-2 cells on both 2D- and 3D-PLAGA scaffolds.
  • Cryopreservation of mineralizing primary rabbit osteoblasts for 35 days showed retention of extracellular matrix architecture with approximately 50% cell viability post-thaw.

Conclusions:

  • Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is an effective cryoprotective agent for preserving mineralized tissue engineered matrices.
  • Successful cryopreservation of bone tissue engineered constructs offers a potential unlimited source of bone-like materials for orthopedic applications.