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[Pathological changes in face and skull in acromegaly].

A Künzler1, M Farmand, B De Giacomi

  • 1Universitätsspital Zürich.

Swiss Dent
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

This study found significant lower jaw elongation in patients with growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas, identified via skull X-rays. New clinical signs, "hanging columella" and mandibular canal changes, were also noted in acromegaly patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Radiology
  • Orthodontics

Context:

  • Growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas cause acromegaly, leading to characteristic skeletal changes.
  • Previous research focused on generalized skeletal changes, with less emphasis on specific craniofacial alterations.

Purpose:

  • To investigate specific roentgenological changes in the viscero- and neurocranium of patients with growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas.
  • To identify statistically significant alterations in the facial skeleton and neurocranium.
  • To establish a scoring system for early acromegaly detection on lateral skull radiographs.

Summary:

  • 31 patients with growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas underwent clinical and radiological assessment, compared to 25 healthy controls.
  • Statistically significant elongation was observed in the lower jaw, primarily due to changes in the chin prominence and condyle.
  • Neurocranial findings were categorized, and a scoring system was developed for early acromegaly detection.
  • Two novel clinical symptoms, "hanging columella" and altered mandibular canal diameter, were identified.

Impact:

  • The study provides a new scoring system for early acromegaly diagnosis using lateral skull radiographs.
  • Identifies specific lower jaw and neurocranial changes indicative of the condition.
  • Introduces two previously undocumented clinical signs associated with acromegaly, aiding in clinical recognition.

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