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[Aleukemic monoblastic leukemia cutis].

C Bachmeyer1, Y Turc, S Fraitag

  • 1Département de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Laënnec, boulevard Laënnec, BP 72, 60109 Creil. claude.bachmeyer@ch-creil.fr

Annales De Dermatologie Et De Venereologie
|October 25, 2003
PubMed
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Cutaneous acute monoblastic leukemia can present without blood abnormalities, mimicking other skin conditions. Early diagnosis via skin biopsy is crucial for timely chemotherapy and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cutaneous lesions are recognized indicators of acute leukemia.
  • These skin manifestations can precede detectable peripheral blood or bone marrow involvement.

Observation:

  • A 49-year-old male presented with months of evolving papules and nodules on his back and arms.
  • Histological examination and immunostaining confirmed specific cutaneous lesions of acute monoblastic leukemia.
  • Peripheral blood smears were consistently normal, while bone marrow smears showed variable blastic infiltration.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with acute monoblastic leukemia presenting solely as specific cutaneous lesions.
  • The cutaneous lesions resolved following chemotherapy, confirming the diagnosis.

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Implications:

  • This case highlights "aleukemic leukemia cutis," a rare presentation of acute leukemia.
  • It underscores the importance of considering leukemia in unexplained skin lesions, even with normal blood counts.
  • The mechanism may involve myeloblast accumulation in the bone marrow with a high tropism for the skin.