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Functional development and intestinal absorption in the young poult.

D Sklan1, Y Noy

  • 1Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel. sklan@agri.huji.ac.il

British Poultry Science
|October 31, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Poult intestinal development shows increased digestive enzyme secretion and nutrient absorption with age. Intestinal surface area grows, but isn't the main factor limiting growth in young birds.

Area of Science:

  • Poultry Science
  • Animal Nutrition
  • Gastrointestinal Physiology

Background:

  • Early intestinal development is crucial for nutrient utilization in poults.
  • Understanding nutrient absorption and digestive enzyme secretion post-hatch informs optimal feeding strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ontogeny of intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme secretion, and nutrient absorption in poults from hatch to 19 days.
  • To determine the relationship between intestinal development, nutrient uptake, and body weight.

Main Methods:

  • Poults were studied from hatch to 19 days, measuring nutrient absorption (oleic acid, glucose, methionine, protein), digestive enzyme secretion, and intestinal morphology (length, diameter, villus size, surface area).
  • Fasting effects on nutrient absorption were evaluated.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Correlations between intestinal parameters, body weight, and nutrient uptake were analyzed.
  • Main Results:

    • Oleic acid absorption was high at hatch and stable, while glucose and methionine absorption increased with age but were inhibited by fasting.
    • Protein absorption percentage remained constant, but absolute uptake increased with age and body weight.
    • Intestinal length, diameter, and villus size increased post-hatch; jejunal surface area continued to grow until 19 days.
    • Nutrient absorption occurred primarily in the duodenum and upper jejunum, with increased distal uptake of protein and fat with age.

    Conclusions:

    • Intestinal surface area is not a limiting factor for growth in post-hatch poults.
    • Growth is correlated with digestive secretions and the uptake of fat and protein, highlighting the importance of functional intestinal development.