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Related Experiment Videos

Neuronal ganglionic acetylcholine receptor autoimmunity.

Steven Vernino1, Vanda A Lennon

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. verns@mayo.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|November 1, 2003
PubMed
Summary

A new assay detects antibodies against ganglionic acetylcholine receptors (AChR), aiding in diagnosing autoimmune autonomic neuropathy. This test helps differentiate specific autonomic disorders from other conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Acquired dysautonomia encompasses various disorders affecting the autonomic nervous system.
  • Distinguishing idiopathic or paraneoplastic autonomic neuropathy from other autonomic dysfunctions is clinically challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel assay for detecting serum antibodies against ganglionic acetylcholine receptors (AChR).
  • To assess the utility of ganglionic AChR antibodies in diagnosing autoimmune autonomic neuropathy (AAN).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ganglionic AChR solubilized from human neuroblastoma (IMR-32) cell line membranes as antigen.
  • Employed 125I-epibatidine for radiolabeling of the ganglionic AChR.
  • Validated the assay for detecting specific antibodies in patient serum samples.

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Main Results:

  • Seropositivity for ganglionic AChR antibodies is strongly associated with idiopathic and paraneoplastic autonomic neuropathy.
  • Detectable ganglionic AChR binding antibodies were found in 50% of patients with subacute autoimmune autonomic neuropathy (AAN), often with high antibody values (>0.2 nmol/L).
  • Lower antibody values (0.05-0.20 nmol/L) were observed in approximately 10% of patients with limited AAN.

Conclusions:

  • The developed assay effectively detects ganglionic AChR antibodies.
  • Ganglionic AChR antibody detection is a valuable biomarker for diagnosing and differentiating autoimmune autonomic neuropathies.
  • The assay can distinguish AAN from other forms of autonomic dysfunction.