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Abnormal brain lateralization in high-functioning autism.

Paul R Escalante-Mead1, Nancy J Minshew, John A Sweeney

  • 1University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|November 5, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Autism is linked to atypical brain development, specifically in establishing lateral preference. This study found that autistic individuals with early language issues show more disturbed cerebral dominance, suggesting a maturational issue rather than just left-handedness.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder Research

Background:

  • Lateral preference, or handedness, is a key indicator of cerebral dominance.
  • Understanding atypical lateral preference in autism may reveal insights into brain maturation processes.
  • Language development is often affected in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between lateral preference disturbances and early language development in autism.
  • To compare cerebral dominance patterns in autistic individuals with and without a history of language issues against healthy controls.
  • To determine if atypical lateral preference in autism reflects maturational disturbances or increased left-handedness.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, a standardized measure of lateral preference.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared 47 autistic individuals with disordered early language development and 22 autistic individuals with normal early language acquisition.
  • Matched autistic participants with 112 typically developing healthy individuals for comparison.

    • Main Results:

    • Autistic individuals with a history of early language disturbance exhibited significantly more atypical cerebral dominance compared to healthy controls.
    • Atypical cerebral dominance was also more pronounced in this subgroup of autistic individuals than in autistic individuals with normal early language skills.
    • The findings suggest maturational disturbances in the establishment of lateral preference, not simply an increased prevalence of left-handedness.

    Conclusions:

    • Atypical establishment of cerebral dominance is associated with disordered language development in autism spectrum disorder.
    • These findings highlight potential neurodevelopmental differences in brain organization related to lateralization in autism.
    • Further research into lateral preference may offer novel avenues for understanding and supporting language development in autistic individuals.