Half-scan fan-beam computed tomography with improved noise and resolution properties

Half-scan strategy can be used for reducing scanning time and radiation dose delivered to the patient in fan-beam computed tomography (CT). In helical CT, the data weighting/interpolation functions are often devised based upon half-scan configurations. The half-scan fan-beam filtered backprojection (FFBP) algorithm is generally used for image reconstruction from half-scan data. It can, however, be susceptible to sample aliasing and data noise for configurations with short focal lengths and/or large fan-angles, leading to nonuniform resolution and noise properties in reconstructed images. Uniform resolution and noise properties are generally desired because they may lead to an increased utility of reconstructed images in estimation and/or detection/classification tasks. In this work, we propose an algorithm for reconstruction of images with uniform noise and resolution properties in half-scan CT. In an attempt to evaluate the image-noise properties, we derive analytic expressions for image variances obtained by use of the half-scan algorithms. We also perform numerical studies to assess quantitatively the resolution and noise properties of the algorithms. The results in these studies confirm that the proposed algorithm yields images with more uniform spatial resolution and with lower and more uniform noise levels than does the half-scan FFBP algorithm. Empirical results obtained in noise studies also verify the validity of the derived expressions for image variances. The proposed algorithm would be particularly useful for image reconstruction from data acquired by use of configurations with short focal lengths and large field of measurement, which may be encountered in compact micro-CT and radiation therapeutic CT applications. The analytic results of the image-noise properties can be used for image-quality assessment in detection/classification tasks by use of model-observers.