Hazard regression for interval-censored data with penalized spline
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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Establishing a Competing Risk Regression Nomogram Model for Survival Data
Published on: October 23, 2020
Tianxi Cai1, Rebecca A Betensky
1Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. tcai@hsph.harvard.edu
Abstract:
This article introduces a new approach for estimating the hazard function for possibly interval- and right-censored survival data. We weakly parameterize the log-hazard function with a piecewise-linear spline and provide a smoothed estimate of the hazard function by maximizing the penalized likelihood through a mixed model-based approach. We also provide a method to estimate the amount of smoothing from the data. We illustrate our approach with two well-known interval-censored data sets. Extensive numerical studies are conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the new procedure.
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