Changing trends in management of HIV and TB

Since the isolation of HIV in 1983, the TB graph which was on the decline saw a spurt since 1990s. The fall in immunity caused by HIV leads to reactivation as well as new infections. The developing and developed countries showed two specific patterns with TB first and HIV later and vice versa respectively. Clinical presentation of TB in HIV showed a distinctive pattern with fulminant disease in extrapulmonary forms. The correlation between HIV and TB is important. Treatment of TB in HIV and non-HIV patients remains the same. DOTS therapy has shown significant success in HIV-TB co-infection.