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Related Experiment Videos

How far should salt intake be reduced?

Feng J He1, Graham A MacGregor

  • 1Blood Pressure Unit, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London, England.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|November 12, 2003
PubMed
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Reducing salt intake significantly lowers blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk. A further reduction to 3 g/d, rather than the current 5-6 g/d, offers greater health benefits and should be the global target.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Current public health guidelines recommend reducing daily salt intake to 5-6 g/d.
  • These recommendations are based on feasibility rather than the maximum potential health benefits of salt reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dose-response relationship between salt reduction and blood pressure.
  • To compare the effects of different salt intake levels on cardiovascular outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis of longer-term trials was conducted.
  • Dose-response effects were examined within the range of 12 g/d to 3 g/d.
  • Data from 3 well-controlled studies were analyzed.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • A consistent dose-response relationship was observed between salt reduction and blood pressure.
  • Reducing salt intake by 3 g/d predicts a significant fall in blood pressure for both hypertensive and normotensive individuals.
  • A 3 g/d reduction is estimated to decrease strokes by 13% and ischemic heart disease (IHD) by 10%.

Conclusions:

  • Current salt intake recommendations (5-6 g/d) are beneficial but not optimal.
  • Further reduction to 3 g/d can substantially increase benefits, reducing strokes by approximately one third and IHD by one quarter.
  • A long-term global target of 3 g/d for population salt intake is proposed to maximize cardiovascular health benefits.