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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects
Published on: September 18, 2012
The development and efficacy of a theory-based educational curriculum to promote self-regulation among high-risk
Beth T Stalvey1, Cynthia Owsley
1Office of Aging Policy and Information, Texas Department on Aging, Austin, Texas, USA.
Abstract:
Knowledge Enhances Your Safety (KEYS) is a curriculum developed for older drivers who maintain driving privileges while coping with visual limitations that increase crash risk. KEYS' goal is to promote safe driving through self-awareness of vision impairment and adopting self-regulatory strategies. We discuss KEYS' theoretical framework based on the tenants of the Social Cognitive Theory, Health Belief and Transtheoretical Models, and Principles of Self-Regulation and Regulatory Self-Efficacy. Baseline and 6-month posttest evaluations tested its efficacy in terms of theoretical construct outcomes. KEYS' participants improved self-perceptions of vision impairment, perceived a greater number of benefits in the performance of self-regulatory behaviors, and moved closer to the preparation and action/maintenance stages of change. Results indicate that high-risk older drivers benefit from educational interventions that promote self-awareness and self-regulation of driving. Future work will evaluate KEYS' efficacy for high-risk older drivers in promoting driver behavior changes and its impact on crash involvement.
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