Retinal complications of bone marrow and solid organ transplantation

A review is presented of the current literature on retinal complications of bone marrow and solid organ transplantation.

Retinal complications of bone marrow and solid organ transplantation include microvascular retinopathy, infection, and hemorrhagic findings. Other clinical observations include central serous chorioretinopathy, bilateral optic disc edema, and cyclosporine-related retinal toxicity. The cause of these clinical findings is likely to be multifactorial, resulting from the combined effects of cyclosporine, total body irradiation, infections, high-dose chemotherapy, and recurrent malignancies.

Understanding of these clinical entities of the posterior segment is important in minimizing the potentially sight-threatening complications from bone marrow and solid organ transplantation.