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Related Experiment Videos

Sperm preparation for ART.

Ralf R Henkel1, Wolf-Bernhard Schill

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Gaffkystr, 14, Germany. ralf.henkel@derma.med.uni-giessen.de

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E
|November 18, 2003
PubMed
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Assisted reproduction requires effective sperm separation techniques. Newer methods improve yield and protect sperm quality, addressing challenges like reactive oxygen species and viscosity for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Andrology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Sperm Physiology

Background:

  • Assisted reproduction has evolved from gynecological to andrological indications.
  • Understanding male germ cell physiology is crucial for developing advanced sperm separation techniques.
  • Initial methods like simple washing have been replaced by more sophisticated techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution and current landscape of sperm separation techniques in assisted reproduction.
  • To discuss methods for isolating functional spermatozoa, considering factors like motility, morphology, and fertilization capacity.
  • To highlight advancements in addressing challenges such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ejaculate viscosity.

Main Methods:

  • Evolution of techniques from simple washing to migration, filtration, and density gradient centrifugation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Development of new density media to replace Percoll, including IxaPrep, Nycodenz, SilSelect, PureSperm, and Isolate.
  • Use of motility-stimulating substances (caffeine, pentoxifylline, 2-deoxyadenosine, bicarbonate, PAF) and enzymatic liquefaction for viscous ejaculates.

    • Main Results:

    • Conventional swim-up is simple but less effective for poor-quality samples.
    • Migration-sedimentation is gentle but has a low yield, though recently used for ICSI.
    • Glass wool filtration and density gradient centrifugation offer higher yields.
    • Newer density media have been developed to replace Percoll.
    • Motility stimulants and enzymatic treatments can improve sperm yield and function.

    Conclusions:

    • The choice of sperm separation method depends on ejaculate quality, including ROS production.
    • Conventional swim-up should be avoided for ejaculates with ROS production.
    • Advanced techniques and adjunct substances are vital for optimizing sperm isolation in assisted reproduction.
    • Enzymatic liquefaction is recommended for highly viscous ejaculates, avoiding damaging older methods.