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Related Experiment Videos

Semantic context effects and priming in word association.

René Zeelenberg1, Diane Pecher, Richard M Shiffrin

  • 1University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. rzeelenb@indiana.edu

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|November 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Priming in word association relies on how sentence context influences memory. Congruent study contexts enhance word association priming, while incongruent contexts do not, showing context

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Implicit memory tasks, such as word association, reveal unconscious cognitive processes.
  • Priming effects demonstrate how prior exposure influences subsequent responses.
  • Understanding word association priming is key to deciphering memory retrieval mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of semantic context in word association priming.
  • To determine if the congruency between study context and retrieval cues affects priming.
  • To explore how memory storage influences implicit memory performance.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using word association as an implicit memory task.
  • Experiment 1 used semantically ambiguous words in biased sentence contexts (congruent vs. incongruent cues).

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  • Experiment 2 used nonambiguous words, varying the emphasis on meaning aspects within study sentences.

    • Main Results:

    • Priming was observed in Experiment 1 when the study context was congruent with the word association cue.
    • No priming occurred when the study context was incongruent with the cue in Experiment 1.
    • Experiment 2 showed greater priming for targets studied in more congruent sentence contexts.

    Conclusions:

    • Priming in word association is significantly influenced by the congruency of the study context.
    • The results suggest that memory storage of cue-target relationships is crucial for priming.
    • Implicit memory performance is modulated by the semantic information encoded during initial exposure.