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Lateralization of auditory-cortex functions.

Mari Tervaniemi1, Kenneth Hugdahl

  • 1Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. mari.tervaniemi@helsinki.fi

Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews
|November 25, 2003
PubMed
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Human brain lateralization shows a predisposition for left auditory cortex processing of speech and right for music. This specialization, particularly in the planum temporale (PT), is sensitive to temporal acoustic features and can be altered.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Human brain exhibits lateralization for auditory processing, with distinct regions specializing in different sound types.
  • The planum temporale (PT) is a key anatomical area implicated in auditory functional asymmetry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current findings on the structural and functional basis of human brain lateralization in the auditory modality.
  • To investigate the encoding of music versus speech sounds in the auditory cortex.
  • To explore the influence of behavioral and clinical data on understanding auditory processing specialization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of hemodynamic and electromagnetic data from healthy adults.
  • Analysis of behavioral dichotic-listening (DL) results.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Inclusion of clinical findings from conditions like schizophrenia and dyslexia.

    • Main Results:

    • A strong predisposition exists for processing speech sounds in the left auditory cortex and music sounds in the right.
    • The planum temporale (PT) significantly underlies this functional asymmetry.
    • Auditory processing specialization is influenced by the rate of temporal information, not solely content, and is vulnerable to modification by acoustic features and familiarity.

    Conclusions:

    • Human auditory cortex demonstrates a specialized lateralization for speech and music processing, primarily driven by temporal acoustic properties.
    • This functional specialization is not absolute and can be modulated by various top-down and bottom-up factors, highlighting its dynamic nature.