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Monocytes with altered phenotypes in posttrauma patients.

Bal Kampalath1, Ronald P Cleveland, Chung-Che Chang

  • 1Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwauke, USA.

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|November 25, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Posttrauma patients exhibit impaired immune responses due to reduced CD4 and HLA-DR on monocytes. This study investigated monocyte changes, revealing decreased esterase activity and altered morphology, contributing to infection susceptibility.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Posttrauma patients experience weakened immune systems and are prone to infections.
  • While decreased HLA-DR on monocytes is known, its induction doesn't fully restore immune function, suggesting other factors are involved.
  • CD4 is crucial for HLA-DR function; newborns also show reduced CD4 and HLA-DR on monocytes, indicating a parallel with impaired immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate monocyte morphology, CD4 and HLA-DR coexpression, and alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase activity in posttrauma patients.
  • To compare these monocyte characteristics between posttrauma patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Monocyte morphology was assessed.
  • Three-color flow cytometry was used to analyze the expression of CD4, CD11b, CD13, CD16, and HLA-DR.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase activity was determined via cytochemical staining.

    • Main Results:

    • Posttrauma monocytes showed an increase in CD4-/CD14+/HLA-DR- and CD4-/CD14+/CD16- subsets.
    • A decrease in the mean fluorescence intensity of CD4 and HLA-DR was observed in positive monocytes.
    • Reduced alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase activity, smaller cytoplasm, and more cytoplasmic vacuoles were noted in posttrauma monocytes.

    Conclusions:

    • Posttrauma patients, similar to newborns, present with increased monocytes expressing lower levels of CD4 and HLA-DR.
    • Diminished alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase activity is also characteristic of these monocytes.
    • The combined reduction in CD4 and HLA-DR on monocytes may underlie the impaired immune responsiveness seen in posttrauma patients.