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Related Concept Videos

Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and produces two-second...
pV-Diagrams01:18

pV-Diagrams

The pV diagram, which is a graph of pressure versus volume of the gas under study, is helpful in describing certain aspects of the substance. When the substance behaves like an ideal gas, the ideal gas equation describes the relationship between its pressure and volume. On a pV diagram, it is common to plot an isotherm, which is a curve showing p as a function of V with the number of molecules and the temperature fixed. Then, for an ideal gas, the product of the pressure of the gas and its...
Multi-input and Multi-variable systems01:22

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

A Web Tool for Generating High Quality Machine-readable Biological Pathways
08:01

A Web Tool for Generating High Quality Machine-readable Biological Pathways

Published on: February 8, 2017

Petri Net representations in systems biology.

J W Pinney1, D R Westhead, G A McConkey

  • 1Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. john@bioinformatics.leeds.ac.uk

Biochemical Society Transactions
|December 4, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Petri Nets are mathematical tools increasingly used for analyzing biological networks. This review summarizes new research directions in structural and quantitative analysis using these structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Petri Nets are a class of mathematical models used for describing distributed systems.
  • Recent advancements have highlighted their applicability to biological network analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a concise overview of emerging research trends in applying Petri Nets to biological networks.
  • To highlight the utility of Petri Nets in both structural and quantitative analysis of these systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on Petri Net applications in systems biology.
  • Categorization of research based on structural and quantitative analysis approaches.

Main Results:

  • Petri Nets offer a powerful framework for modeling complex biological systems.
  • Emerging research focuses on advanced structural properties and dynamic quantitative analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Petri Nets represent a valuable and growing area of research for understanding biological networks.
  • Further exploration of Petri Net methodologies will likely yield significant insights into biological processes.