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[Congenital syphilis: an emerging emergency also in Brazil]

E G Lago1, P C Garcia

  • 1Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Jornal De Pediatria
|December 4, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Congenital syphilis is often missed in newborns, leading to severe illness presentation in emergency rooms. Increased physician awareness of risk factors and diverse symptoms is crucial for timely diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Congenital syphilis (CS) diagnosis is frequently delayed, with infants presenting in emergency departments with severe manifestations.
  • Rising syphilis incidence in Brazil necessitates improved recognition of CS beyond the neonatal period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To underscore the issue of underdiagnosed congenital syphilis in newborns.
  • To emphasize the importance of emergency physicians recognizing CS manifestations in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 3 patients with late-diagnosed CS.
  • Literature review of Medline and Lilacs databases (1988-1999) on CS.

Main Results:

  • Three infants diagnosed with CS after the neonatal period presented with severe conditions: neurosyphilis, nephrotic syndrome, and hepatitis.
  • Analysis identified reasons for missed neonatal diagnosis and risk factors for gestational syphilis.

Conclusions:

  • Emergency physicians require heightened suspicion for CS, considering maternal risk factors and diagnostic challenges.
  • Awareness of diverse CS clinical presentations in the first months of life is critical for prompt intervention.

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