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Related Concept Videos

Thermosensation01:43

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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The trp operon in Escherichia coli exemplifies a repressible operon. It regulates the synthesis of tryptophan through repressor-mediated transcriptional control and attenuation. This dual regulatory mechanism ensures tryptophan biosynthesis occurs only when needed, conserving cellular resources.Structure of the trp OperonThe trp operon consists of five structural genes (trpE, trpD, trpC, trpB, and trpA) that encode enzymes for tryptophan biosynthesis. These genes are transcribed as a single...
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Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
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G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

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GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
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Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

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Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
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Receptor Tyrosine Kinases01:26

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Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...
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Related Experiment Video

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Purification of Endogenous Drosophila Transient Receptor Potential Channels
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TRP channels as cellular sensors.

David E Clapham1

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Boston, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Enders 1309, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. dclapham@enders.tch.harvard.edu

Nature
|December 5, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are key sensory proteins. They detect diverse stimuli for cells and organisms, extending beyond traditional sensory roles.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Physiology
  • Sensory Neuroscience

Background:

  • Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are critical components of cellular signaling pathways.
  • These channels mediate responses to a wide array of physical and chemical stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the extensive and fundamental roles of TRP channels in cellular functions.
  • To emphasize TRP channels as ancient cellular sensors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of TRP channel research.
  • Analysis of TRP channel involvement in various cellular processes.

Main Results:

  • TRP channels function as primary sensors for temperature, touch, pain, and taste.
  • Their roles extend to detecting osmolarity and chemical signals like pheromones.
  • TRP channels are integral to cellular homeostasis and environmental sensing.

Conclusions:

  • TRP channels are versatile molecular sensors with crucial roles in both unicellular and multicellular organisms.
  • Their ancient origins underscore their fundamental importance in cellular life.