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Related Experiment Videos

Gastroesophageal reflux.

L Spitz1, E McLeod

  • 1Department of Paediatric Surgery, Institute of Child Health, University College London and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, UK.

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|December 5, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in infants often resolves naturally. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) requires intervention when symptomatic or causing complications, with surgery indicated for severe cases or apnea.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Infant Health

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is common in infants, typically resolving by age one.
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is diagnosed when reflux causes symptoms or pathological consequences.
  • GERD is frequently observed in infants with esophageal atresia or neurological impairments, where conservative treatments are often ineffective.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic methods for GER and GERD.
  • To describe current medical and surgical management strategies for infant GERD.
  • To identify key indications for surgical intervention in infant GERD.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on upper gastrointestinal contrast studies, endoscopy, and pH monitoring.
  • Medical management includes antacids, acid reduction, and prokinetic agents.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Surgical intervention is considered for esophageal strictures, anatomical defects, or treatment failure.

    • Main Results:

    • Conservative treatment is often ineffective in neurologically impaired children and those with esophageal atresia.
    • Apneic episodes due to GER represent an absolute indication for early surgical intervention.
    • Medical therapies aim to manage symptoms and reduce acid production.

    Conclusions:

    • GERD diagnosis and management require careful consideration of symptoms and potential complications.
    • Surgical intervention is reserved for specific indications, including failure of medical therapy and severe complications like apnea.
    • Early surgical intervention is crucial for infants experiencing apneic episodes secondary to GER.