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Speech delay in children: a functional MR imaging study.

Byron Bernal1, Nolan R Altman

  • 1Department of Radiology, Miami Childrens' Hospital, 3100 SW 62nd Ave, Miami, FL 33155, USA.

Radiology
|December 6, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Children with speech delay show different brain activation patterns during language tasks compared to typically developing children. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study reveals right-hemisphere activation in delayed speech in older children, unlike the typical left-hemisphere activation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Speech delay affects a significant number of children, impacting language development.
  • Understanding the neural underpinnings of speech delay is crucial for early intervention.
  • Functional neuroimaging offers insights into brain activity during language processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in brain activation patterns between children with speech delay and those with normal speech using passive language paradigms.
  • To determine if sedation affects functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) results in pediatric subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Seventeen children with speech delay and 35 age-matched controls underwent functional MRI (fMRI) under sedation.
  • A passive listening paradigm using prerecorded maternal voice was employed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Statistical analysis included t-tests and cluster detection to compare brain activation between groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Children over 3 years with speech delay exhibited right-hemisphere activation (83%), contrasting with typically developing children who showed left-hemisphere activation (71%).
    • This difference in hemispheric lateralization was statistically significant (P = .036).
    • No significant lateralization was observed across all age groups in children who showed activation.

    Conclusions:

    • Children older than 3 years with speech delay demonstrate atypical hemispheric activation patterns during passive language tasks.
    • Findings suggest potential neurobiological differences in language processing in pediatric speech delay.
    • These results highlight the importance of considering hemispheric language organization in the context of speech and language disorders.