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Neuromuscular treatments for speech and swallowing: a tutorial
1Department of Language, Reading, and Exceptionalities, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA. clarkhm@appstate.edu
American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
|December 9, 2003
Summary
Neuromuscular treatments (NMTs) for speech and swallowing disorders lack strong evidence. This tutorial explores NMTs
Area of Science:
- Speech-language pathology
- Neurology
- Rehabilitation medicine
Background:
- Controversy surrounds the use and efficacy of neuromuscular treatments (NMTs) for dysarthria and dysphagia.
- Limited empirical evidence and foundational knowledge hinder clinical judgment of NMTs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the theoretical underpinnings of various NMTs.
- To explore the application of limb-focused NMT principles to speech and swallowing musculature.
Main Methods:
- Review of theoretical foundations for active exercises, passive exercises, and physical modalities.
- Examination of NMT principles applied to limb musculature.
- Discussion of potential applications and controversies in oral motor therapies.
Main Results:
- Active exercise principles include target selection (strength, endurance, power, range of motion), specificity, progression, and recovery.
- Factors influencing passive exercises and physical modalities' effectiveness are presented.
Conclusions:
- Further research is needed to validate NMTs for speech and swallowing disorders.
- Understanding theoretical frameworks is crucial for evaluating and developing NMT strategies.