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Update: influenza activity--United States, 2003-04 season

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |December 12, 2003
    PubMed

    Insights

    Influenza activity surged early in the US during 2003, with severe cases in children. High vaccine demand depleted supplies, prioritizing high-risk groups and suggesting live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) for others.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Vaccinology

    Background:

    • Unusually early onset of influenza circulation in the United States for the 2003 season.
    • Anticipated increase in nationwide influenza activity.
    • Reported cases of severe influenza, including fatalities, particularly among children.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize influenza activity in the United States from October 4 to December 6, 2003.
    • To provide guidance on influenza vaccination strategies given supply constraints.

    Main Methods:

    • Surveillance data collection and reporting of influenza activity to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
    • Analysis of influenza activity distribution across states.
    • Assessment of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) supply and demand.

    Main Results:

    • Widespread influenza activity reported in 24 states by the week ending December 6, 2003.
    • High and sustained demand for influenza vaccine led to a decreasing supply of TIV.
    • Live, attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) remained available.

    Conclusions:

    • Vaccination priority should be given to high-risk individuals, including children aged 6-23 months.
    • Healthy individuals aged 5-49 years are recommended to consider LAIV due to its availability.
    • The early and intense influenza season necessitates strategic vaccine distribution and recommendations.

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