Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2026

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions
09:41

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

Published on: October 17, 2017

Paradoxical cytoskeleton and microparticle formation changes in monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes in severe

Yuka Itakura Sumi1, Hiroshi Ogura, Hiroshi Tanaka

  • 1Department of Traumatology, Suita-shi, Osaka University Medical School, Japan. itakura@hp-emerg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp

The Journal of Trauma
|December 17, 2003
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

In severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), microparticle (MP) formation and cytoskeleton changes in monocytes paradoxically decrease, while polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) show increased MP production and activation. This study highlights distinct cellular responses in SIRS patients.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) involves monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) in regulating inflammation.
  • Activated monocytes and PMNLs are known to produce microparticles (MPs).
  • Investigating these cellular changes in SIRS is crucial for understanding inflammatory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate microparticle (MP) production and cytoskeleton changes in monocytes from severe SIRS patients.
  • To compare these monocyte alterations with those observed in PMNLs.
  • To assess monocyte and PMNL activation markers in SIRS.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to measure MP formation and F-actin content in monocytes and PMNLs from 20 SIRS patients and 15 healthy controls.
  • Cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).
  • Human leukocyte antigen-DR, CD64 expression, and O2- production were quantified.

Main Results:

  • Monocyte MP formation and F-actin content significantly decreased in SIRS patients compared to controls.
  • PMNL MP formation, F-actin content, and O2- production significantly increased in SIRS patients.
  • Reduced human leukocyte antigen-DR expression on monocytes indicated monocyte modulation, while increased O2- production confirmed PMNL activation.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating monocytes and PMNLs exhibit paradoxically different changes in MP formation and cytoskeleton during severe SIRS.
  • These findings suggest distinct roles and responses of monocytes and PMNLs in the inflammatory cascade of SIRS.
  • The study underscores the complex cellular dynamics in severe inflammatory conditions.

More Related Videos

Isolation and Characterization of Neutrophil-derived Microparticles for Functional Studies06:56

Isolation and Characterization of Neutrophil-derived Microparticles for Functional Studies

Published on: March 2, 2018

Isolation Protocol of Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells and Their Subsequent In Vitro Activation with Tumor Immune Complexes11:48

Isolation Protocol of Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells and Their Subsequent In Vitro Activation with Tumor Immune Complexes

Published on: May 31, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase

The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...