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Updated: Aug 29, 2026
Measuring and Modeling Contractile Drying in Human Stratum Corneum
Published on: March 1, 2017
Effect of drying methods on hybrid layer thickness
Kousuke Itou1, Yasuhiro Torii, Fumiko Oyama
1Department of Operative Dentistry, Field of Biofunctional Recovery and Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Japan.
Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of drying methods used in scanning electron microscopy on the thickness of the hybrid layers created by several different adhesive systems.
Methods:
A total etch dry bonding system, (Photobond), a three-step bonding adhesive system, (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose), a wet-bonding adhesive system (All-Bond 2) and a self-etching primer system (Mac Bond II) were used in this study. To permit measurement of the thickness of the hybrid layer, the resin-dentin interfaces were polished and etched briefly to remove polishing debris followed by immersion in 10% NaOCl for 4 hours. Half of the specimens in each group were subjected to fixation and critical-point drying followed by gold sputter-coating. The remaining specimens were allowed to air dry prior to gold sputter-coating. SEM observations were carried out to determine the structure and thickness of the hybrid layers.
Results:
The thickness of hybrid layers were affected by the drying methods with the critical-point drying methods producing the thickest hybrid layers (P < 0.05). The thickest hybrid layers were created by Photobond, with Scotchbond Multi-Purpose and All-Bond 2 producing intermediate thickness hybrid layers, among the total etch systems. The thinnest hybrid layer among all of the adhesive systems was produced by the self-etching primer, Mac Bond II.
