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Drug-induced nail abnormalities.

Bianca Maria Piraccini1, Matilde Iorizzo, Angela Antonucci

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 1 - 40138 Bologna, Italy. bmpiracc@med.unibo.it

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
|December 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Certain medications can cause nail changes like Beau's lines and melanonychia due to toxicity. These drug-induced nail abnormalities often affect multiple nails and can sometimes cause pain.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Numerous medications, including chemotherapy agents and retinoids, can induce nail changes.
  • Drug-induced nail abnormalities arise from toxicity affecting the nail matrix, bed, periungual tissues, or digital vasculature.
  • While many drugs can cause nail issues, only a few drug classes are consistently linked to specific nail symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the common drug classes associated with nail changes.
  • To describe the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of drug-induced nail abnormalities.
  • To highlight the diagnostic and management considerations for patients experiencing drug-induced nail symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on drug-induced nail abnormalities.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of reported cases linking medications to specific nail symptoms.
  • Synthesis of information on the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of these conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Commonly implicated drug classes include chemotherapy agents and retinoids.
    • Frequent nail changes observed are Beau's lines, onychomadesis, melanonychia, onycholysis, and periungual pyogenic granulomas.
    • These drug-induced nail changes typically manifest across multiple nails and are often asymptomatic, though pain and functional impairment can occur.

    Conclusions:

    • Drug-induced nail abnormalities are a recognized side effect of various medications.
    • Understanding the common causative agents and their associated nail symptoms is crucial for diagnosis.
    • Prompt identification and management can help alleviate patient discomfort and functional limitations.