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Markers of hydration status.

S M Shirreffs¹

¹School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK. s.shirreffs@lboro.ac.uk

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

|December 19, 2003

Summary

Urine osmolality is the most promising marker for assessing hydration status. This finding is based on a review of various body mass, blood, and bioelectrical impedance analyses.

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Area of Science:

Physiology
Biomarkers
Sports Science

Background:

Accurate hydration status assessment is crucial for health and performance.
Numerous physiological and biochemical markers have been explored.
Existing methods present limitations in accuracy or practicality.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and evaluate the efficacy of different indices for determining hydration status.
To identify the most reliable and practical marker for hydration assessment.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating hydration markers.
Analysis of evidence for body mass changes, blood indices, urine indices, and bioelectrical impedance analysis.
Evaluation of current scientific consensus and expert opinion.

Main Results:

Body mass changes, blood indices, urine indices, and bioelectrical impedance analysis are widely studied.
Urine indices demonstrate significant promise as hydration markers.
Urine osmolality emerges as the most favored index.

Conclusions:

Urine osmolality is currently the most promising marker for assessing hydration status.
Further research may refine the application of urine osmolality.
This finding has implications for athletes, clinicians, and researchers.

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