Executive summary and conclusions from the European Hydration Institute Expert Conference on human hydration, health,

D Benton1, H Braun1, J C Cobo1

  • 1D. Benton is with the University of Wales Swansea, UK. H. Braun is with the German Sports University, Cologne, Germany. J.C. Cobo is with The Coca-Cola Company, Belgium. C. Edmonds is with the University of East London, UK. I. Elmadfa is with the University of Vienna, Austria. A. El-Sharkawy is with the University of Nottingham, UK. J. Feehally is with the University of Leicester, UK. R. Gellert is with the Szpital Bielański, Poland. J. Holdsworth is with the European Hydration Institute, UK. M. Kapsokefalou is with the Agricultural University of Athens, Greece. W.L. Kenney is with the Penn State University, USA. J.B. Leiper is with the University of Dundee, UK. I.A. Macdonald is with the University of Nottingham, UK. C. Maffeis is with the University of Verona, Italy. R.J. Maughan is with the School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK. S.M. Shirreffs is with Glaxo SmithKline, United Kingdom. P. Toth-Heyn is with Semmelweiss University, Hungary. P. Watson is with Loughborough University, UK.

Nutrition Reviews
|August 21, 2015
PubMed

Related Concept Videos

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
Body Water Content and Fluid Compartments01:19

Body Water Content and Fluid Compartments

Life's biochemical processes occur within aqueous solutions. Solutes are substances that are dissolved within these solutions. The human body contains a variety of solutes, which can differ across various body parts. These can encompass proteins—such as those responsible for clotting and carbohydrate transport—as well as electrolytes. In medicine, an electrolyte is often described as a mineral ion derived from a salt possessing an electric charge. Examples include sodium ions (Na+) and chloride...
Regulation of Water Intake01:25

Regulation of Water Intake

Osmolality refers to the number of solute particles per kilogram of solvent in a solution. Plasma osmolality specifically indicates the total number of solute particles per kilogram of water in blood plasma. This value reflects the body's hydration status and is tightly regulated through mechanisms controlling water intake and output. While water consumption is a conscious decision, the body has intrinsic regulatory systems to maintain fluid balance. Dehydration, a state of water deficit...
Disorder of Water Balance01:29

Disorder of Water Balance

Water balance disorders are medical conditions that occur when there is a deviation from the body's water volume or osmolarity, disrupting normal homeostasis and leading todehydration, hypotonic hydration, hyperhydration, edema, or water intoxication.
Dehydration
Dehydration occurs when the body loses fluids (particularly water).
Causes:
The major causes of dehydration include excessive sweating, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and diuresis.
Signs and Symptoms:
Symptoms primarily include intense...
Strength and Heat of Hydration01:29

Strength and Heat of Hydration

The hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction in which heat is generated as cement hydrates. This heat of hydration is critical to cement's strength development. The rate at which this heat is generated affects the temperature rise, with a majority of the heat being released early in the hydration process, half within the first three days, and about 75% within the first week.
The heat of hydration for each cement compound is significant; for instance, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and...
Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution01:20

Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution

The kidneys concentrate or dilute urine to maintain water and electrolyte balance. Nephrons, particularly the loop of Henle, play a crucial role in this process through the countercurrent multiplication system. This system establishes a high osmolarity in the renal medulla, which is essential for water reabsorption. In the loop of Henle’s descending limb, water is reabsorbed into the surrounding medulla due to its permeability to water. In contrast, the ascending limb actively transports...