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[Anaphylaxis and allergic reactions]

E Prado1, M J Silva

  • 1Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Jornal De Pediatria
|December 20, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, involves rapid mediator release and can be fatal. Early diagnosis and effective treatment, including prophylactic measures, are crucial for better patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening clinical syndrome with significant mortality.
  • It results from the rapid release of mediators from mast cells and basophils.
  • Multiple etiologic factors and pathophysiologic mechanisms contribute to anaphylaxis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the etiologic factors of anaphylactic reactions.
  • To discuss the pathophysiology of anaphylaxis.
  • To focus on the therapeutic management of anaphylactic reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Bibliographic review.
  • Inclusion of allergy and intensive care textbooks.
  • Medline database search.

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Main Results:

  • Anaphylactic reactions involve multiple organ systems.
  • These reactions carry a risk of death.
  • Mediator release from mast cells and basophils is a key mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and effective therapy improve prognosis.
  • Prophylactic measures are necessary to prevent recurrent episodes.
  • Understanding etiologic factors and pathophysiology is key to management.