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Related Experiment Videos

Chaperokine-induced signal transduction pathways.

Alexzander Asea1

  • 1Center for Molecular Stress Response, Boston University Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 650 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA. aasea@medicine.bu.edu

Exercise Immunology Review
|December 23, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Heat shock proteins (HSP70) actively exit cells to regulate the immune system, acting as chaperokines. This extracellular HSP70 interacts with immune cells via Toll-like receptors, aiding host protection against infection and responding to exercise.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Stress Response

Background:

  • Heat shock proteins (HSP) were initially known as intracellular chaperones for cytoprotection.
  • Recent research reveals novel extracellular functions for HSP, particularly HSP70.
  • HSP70 plays a role beyond intracellular protein folding and cellular protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the emerging role of extracellular heat shock proteins (HSP) in immune system regulation.
  • To detail the chaperokine activity of seventy-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70).
  • To discuss the implications of HSP70's chaperokine activity in host defense and exercise physiology.

Main Methods:

  • Investigating the active release of HSP70 from mammalian cells under stress.
  • Analyzing the interaction of extracellular HSP70 with immune cells.

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  • Examining the role of Toll-like receptors (TLR2 and TLR4) and CD14 in HSP70-mediated signaling.

    • Main Results:

    • HSP70 is actively released from cells in response to stress, including cytokines, psychological stress, and exercise.
    • Extracellular HSP70 exhibits immunoregulatory effects, termed chaperokine activity.
    • HSP70 utilizes TLR2 and TLR4 in a CD14-dependent manner to interact with immune cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Extracellular HSP70 acts as a signaling molecule (chaperokine) with significant immunomodulatory functions.
    • HSP70's chaperokine activity is crucial for host protection against pathogenic infections.
    • This activity is relevant to understanding immune responses during infection and physical exercise.