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Depression and the ability to work.

Lynn Elinson1, Patricia Houck, Steven C Marcus

  • 1Westat, 1441 West Montgomery Avenue, Westbrook Building, 2nd Floor, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. lynnelinson@westat.com

Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.)
|December 31, 2003
PubMed
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Depression significantly impacts work. This study found that working depressed individuals were younger, male, better educated, and healthier than nonworking counterparts. Health and functional status strongly predict employment in depressed populations.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Depression is a prevalent mental health condition with significant implications for an individual's capacity to engage in employment.
  • Understanding the characteristics of depressed individuals who are employed versus unemployed is crucial for developing targeted support systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the sociodemographic, health, functional, and disability profiles of working and nonworking individuals with depression.
  • To identify key factors associated with the employment status of depressed persons.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 1994-1995 National Health Interview Survey Disability Supplement to identify individuals aged 18-69 with depression.
  • Employed chi-square tests for initial comparisons and multiple logistic regression analysis, controlling for sociodemographic variables, to identify predictors of work status.

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Main Results:

  • Approximately 50% of individuals reporting major depression were in the labor force.
  • Working depressed individuals were generally younger, male, more educated, had higher incomes, lived alone or with non-relatives, and resided in urban/suburban areas.
  • Working individuals with depression perceived themselves as less unable to work or disabled, and reported better overall health and fewer social, cognitive, and physical limitations compared to nonworking individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Significant differences exist between working and nonworking depressed individuals across multiple domains, including sociodemographic, health, functional, and disability factors.
  • Identifying factors associated with employment in depressed populations can inform policy decisions for healthcare benefits, employee assistance, disability programs, and treatment strategies.
  • Particular attention should be given to depressed individuals with co-occurring general health conditions.