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Transitions in infants' and toddlers' beverage patterns.

Jean D Skinner1, Paula Ziegler, Michael Ponza

  • 1Nutrition Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.

Journal of the American Dietetic Association
|January 1, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Beverage consumption patterns in infants and toddlers show that nonmilk drinks like juice and soda may displace milk, impacting nutrient intake. Careful beverage choices are crucial for optimal child nutrition.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Dietary Intake Analysis
  • Childhood Health

Background:

  • Beverages are a significant source of energy and nutrients for infants and toddlers.
  • Understanding beverage consumption patterns is essential for promoting healthy dietary habits in early childhood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolving patterns of beverage intake in infants and toddlers.
  • To specifically examine the consumption of nonmilk beverages and their impact on overall diet.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional telephone survey using 24-hour dietary recalls from primary caregivers.
  • Nationwide sample of 3,022 infants and toddlers aged 4 to 24 months (Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study - FITS).
  • Beverages categorized into milks, 100% juices, fruit drinks, carbonated beverages, water, and other; statistical analyses included means, frequencies, and regression.

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Main Results:

  • Beverages contributed 84% of daily energy for 4-6 month olds, decreasing to 36% for 19-24 month olds.
  • Apple juice and apple-flavored fruit drinks were most common in their respective categories.
  • Increased intake of juices, fruit drinks, and carbonated beverages was associated with decreased milk consumption in toddlers (P<.0001).

Conclusions:

  • Beverages play a vital role in meeting infants' and toddlers' energy and nutrient requirements.
  • Caregivers must be advised on wise beverage selection, as excessive intake of any beverage can displace other foods or contribute to excess calories.
  • Further research is needed to establish guidelines for appropriate beverage amounts in different categories for young children.