Prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon

Area of Science:

• Vascular Medicine
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Prevalence rates for Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) exhibit significant variability in existing literature, ranging from low single digits to over 20%.
• This variation is often attributed to inconsistent diagnostic criteria and definitions used in different studies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of varying diagnostic criteria on the estimated prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon.
• To quantify the prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon in a general practitioner setting using different sets of criteria.

Main Methods:

• A questionnaire was administered to 508 patients attending general practitioner clinics.
• Symptoms assessed included cold digits, numbness, and various types of discolouration (biphasic, monophasic white, blue).
• Prevalence was calculated using strict criteria (cold digits, numbness, biphasic discolouration) and broader criteria including monophasic discolouration and cold digits alone.

Main Results:

• Using strict criteria, prevalence was 0.5% in males and 2.9% in females.
• Including monophasic white discolouration increased prevalence to 5.4% in males and 7.5% in females.
• When including cold digits with any discolouration, prevalence reached 10.4% in males and 21.2% in females. Cold digit complaints were reported by 22.7% of males and 35% of females.

Conclusions:

• The definition and diagnostic criteria employed significantly influence the reported prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon.
• Understanding these variations is crucial for accurate epidemiological assessment and clinical diagnosis of Raynaud's phenomenon.