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Related Experiment Videos

Polycystic ovary syndrome.

David S Guzick1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. david_guzick@urmc.rochester.edu

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|January 6, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects 4% of women, causing anovulation and excess androgens. Diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, with treatments targeting symptoms and associated risks like diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Endocrinology
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by chronic anovulation and androgen excess.
  • Key features include insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and altered gonadotropin dynamics.
  • The exact pathophysiologic defect remains unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic approach for PCOS.
  • To describe treatment strategies for PCOS symptoms and associated health risks.
  • To emphasize screening for diabetes and cardiovascular disease in PCOS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis is primarily based on patient history and physical examination.
  • Treatment involves oral contraceptives for bleeding, oral contraceptives plus spironolactone for hirsutism, and ovulation induction for infertility.

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  • Screening for diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk factors is recommended.

    • Main Results:

    • PCOS affects approximately 4% of women.
    • Inadequate follicle-stimulating hormone is a hypothesized cause of anovulation.
    • Obesity is a common complication but not a defining feature.

    Conclusions:

    • PCOS management should focus on clinical presentation and address associated metabolic and cardiovascular risks.
    • Behavioral weight management is crucial for obese women with PCOS.
    • Early screening and close follow-up for diabetes and cardiovascular disease are essential.