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Related Concept Videos

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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
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Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide...
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Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice
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Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID).

Marc E Rothenberg1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, USA.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|January 10, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders involve eosinophil-rich inflammation in the GI tract. Research is exploring their polygenic allergic nature and targeted therapies involving IL-5 and eotaxin chemokines.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Allergy

Background:

  • Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are characterized by eosinophil-rich inflammation in the GI tract, excluding other causes of eosinophilia.
  • These conditions, including eosinophilic esophagitis and colitis, are increasingly prevalent.
  • EGIDs are understood as polygenic allergic disorders with immune responses distinct from IgE-mediated or T(H)2-type reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the cellular and molecular basis of primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders.
  • To discuss the optimal treatment strategies for these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies and existing literature on EGIDs.
  • Analysis of the role of cytokines like IL-5 and chemokines such as eotaxins.

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Main Results:

  • Eosinophils are key components of the gastrointestinal mucosal immune system.
  • IL-5 and eotaxin chemokines play a role in EGID pathogenesis.
  • Understanding these mechanisms provides a basis for targeted therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of EGIDs is essential.
  • Identifying the best treatment regimens requires a comprehensive understanding of the disease basis.