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[Cutaneous tuberculosis: anatomoclinical features and clinical course (26 cases)]
S Fenniche1, S Ben Jennet, H Marrak
1Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Habib Thameur, 8, rue Ali Ben Ayed, Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisie. fenniche.samy@planet.tn
Annales De Dermatologie Et De Venereologie
|January 16, 2004
Summary
Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) remains endemic, with lupus TB and scrofuloderma being the most common forms. Early diagnosis and treatment with anti-TB drugs are effective, though long-term monitoring is crucial.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Context:
- Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health challenge, particularly in developing nations.
- Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) represents a rare but important manifestation of extrapulmonary TB, estimated at 2.1% prevalence.
- Understanding the epidemiology and clinical patterns of CTB is crucial for effective management.
Purpose:
- To investigate the epidemiology, prevalent clinical forms, and disease progression of cutaneous tuberculosis.
- To analyze a 20-year retrospective study of CTB cases in Tunis.
Summary:
- A 20-year retrospective study in Tunis identified 26 CTB cases (12 male, 14 female).
- Lupus TB (42%) and scrofuloderma (38%) were the most frequent forms. Diagnosis relied on clinical, biological, and histological findings (granuloma in 96%).
- All patients responded well to anti-TB drug regimens, with one case of secondary squamous cell carcinoma developing on a lupus TB scar.
Impact:
- CTB incidence remained stable (1.4-1.2 cases/year), with a slight female predominance.
- The rising incidence of lupus TB suggests evolving immune responses possibly linked to improved health and vaccination.
- Successful treatment outcomes highlight the efficacy of multi-drug anti-TB therapy for cutaneous manifestations.