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External hydrocephalus in two cats.

Curtis W Dewey1, Joan R Coates, Julie M Ducoté

  • 1Long Island Veterinary Specialists, Plainview, New York 11803, USA.

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association
|January 23, 2004
PubMed
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External hydrocephalus in cats involves cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) buildup outside the brain. Surgical shunting effectively treated two cats with this condition, leading to dramatic clinical improvement and long-term recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Comparative Medicine

Background:

  • External hydrocephalus is characterized by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulation between cerebral hemispheres and the arachnoid membrane.
  • This condition is distinct from internal hydrocephalus, which involves ventricular dilation.

Observation:

  • Two young cats presented with encephalopathic signs and abnormally large, broad heads.
  • Diagnostic imaging (MRI and CT) confirmed external hydrocephalus in both cases.
  • No open fontanelles were observed in either feline patient.

Findings:

  • Surgical shunting was performed to divert excess CSF from the cranial cavity to the peritoneal space.
  • Both cats experienced dramatic clinical improvement post-surgery.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Long-term follow-up showed sustained positive outcomes at approximately 42 and 8 months postoperatively.
  • Implications:

    • Surgical shunting is a viable and effective treatment for external hydrocephalus in cats.
    • This intervention can lead to significant neurological recovery and improved quality of life.
    • The study highlights the importance of advanced imaging and surgical techniques in managing feline neurological disorders.