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Injectable self-curing bioactive acrylic-glass composites charged with specific anti-inflammatory/analgesic agent
J A Méndez1, M Fernández, A González-Corchón
1Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologi;a de Poli;meros, CSIC, Macromolecular Chemistry, C/Juan de la Cierva, 3 28006-, Madrid, Spain
Biomaterials
|January 27, 2004
Summary
New injectable bioactive acrylic bone cements containing fosfosal demonstrated good injectability and lower exothermic reactions. These advanced materials show potential for minimally invasive surgery applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Polymer Chemistry
- Surgical Innovation
Background:
- Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cements are widely used in orthopedic surgery, particularly in percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP).
- There is a need for injectable bone cements with enhanced bioactive properties and reduced inflammatory responses for minimally invasive procedures.
- Incorporating bioactive glasses and therapeutic agents into PMMA formulations can improve cement performance and patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize injectable bioactive acrylic formulations based on PMMA and bioactive glasses.
- To incorporate the anti-inflammatory drug fosfosal into these formulations for enhanced therapeutic effects.
- To evaluate the injectability, thermal properties, mechanical strength, drug release, apatite formation, and in vivo biocompatibility of the developed cements.
Main Methods:
- Preparation of PMMA-based acrylic formulations with varying amounts of SiO2-CaO-Na2O-P2O5 bioactive glasses and fosfosal.
- Evaluation of injectability, maximum temperature, residual monomer content, and compressive yield strength (dry and SBF immersion).
- In vitro assessment of fosfosal release kinetics, weight loss, water uptake, and apatite layer formation.
- In vivo biocompatibility testing via intramuscular implantation in rats.
Main Results:
- Formulations exhibited ~80% injectability with maximum temperatures of 50-60°C and residual monomer content <5%.
- Compressive yield strength decreased from 80-95 MPa (dry) to 30-50 MPa (SBF), attributed to bioactive glass and drug dissolution.
- Fosfosal release was rapid (80-100% in ~48h) from bioactive cements due to glass dissolution, compared to PMMA/fosfosal cement (80% in 175h).
- Apatite-like layer formation was observed, accelerated by P2O5-containing glasses and fosfosal.
- In vivo studies showed no inflammatory response for PMMA/fosfosal cement, and a mild reaction for bioactive cements, attributed to fosfosal's therapeutic action.
Conclusions:
- Injectable bioactive acrylic cements incorporating fosfosal demonstrate promising properties for minimally invasive surgery.
- The formulations exhibit good injectability, controlled thermal profiles, and acceptable mechanical properties.
- The presence of bioactive glasses and fosfosal influences drug release, apatite formation, and in vivo biocompatibility, suggesting therapeutic potential.