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Quantitative diffusion imaging with steady-state free precession.

Sean C L Deoni1, Terry M Peters, Brian K Rutt

  • 1Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|February 3, 2004
PubMed
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This study introduces DESPOD, a new method for accurate diffusion imaging using steady-state free precession (SSFP). DESPOD overcomes relaxation effects to precisely measure the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).

Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Steady-state free precession (SSFP) imaging is sensitive to diffusion but confounded by T1 and T2 relaxation.
  • Quantitative diffusion imaging using SSFP to determine apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is challenging.
  • Existing methods struggle to isolate diffusion-weighted signals from relaxation effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for accurate quantitative ADC measurement using SSFP.
  • To overcome the limitations of T1 and T2 relaxation in diffusion-weighted SSFP (dwSSFP) imaging.
  • To present a method for precise ADC mapping in biological tissues.

Main Methods:

  • A multistep approach was developed, termed DESPOD (Diffusion Encoding with SSFP and Parameter Optimization and Determination).

Related Experiment Videos

  • T1, T2, and spin density (Mo) relaxation constants were first determined using a rapid mapping technique.
  • Quantitative ADC was then calculated through a novel inversion of the dwSSFP signal model.

    • Main Results:

    • The DESPOD method demonstrated high accuracy and precision in ADC measurements.
    • Comparison with traditional diffusion-weighted echo planar imaging (dwEPI) showed less than 3% error in DESPOD-derived ADC maps.
    • Good precision was achieved across a biologically relevant range of ADC values.

    Conclusions:

    • DESPOD enables accurate and precise quantitative ADC mapping using SSFP.
    • This method effectively mitigates the confounding effects of T1 and T2 relaxation.
    • DESPOD offers a promising alternative for diffusion imaging applications.